2022-04-06
锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池与铅酸电(dian)(dian)池的电(dian)(dian)化学性能比较:
1、重量(liang)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du):锂电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的常见能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)为(wei)200~ 260Wh/g,铅(qian)(qian)酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)为(wei)50~ 70Wh/g,即锂电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)是铅(qian)(qian)酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的3~5倍,在(zai)同(tong)等(deng)重量(liang)下(xia),锂电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容量(liang)是铅(qian)(qian)酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的3~5倍,所以锂电(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)储能(neng)(neng)方面(mian)具(ju)有更(geng)大的优势。
2、体(ti)积(ji)能量(liang)密度:锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的体(ti)积(ji)密度一般(ban)是(shi)铅酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的1.5倍(bei)左(zuo)右(you),在同等(deng)体(ti)积(ji)下,锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的体(ti)积(ji)比(bi)铅酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)小30%左(zuo)右(you)。
3、使用寿(shou)命(ming):锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)材料(liao)为三元(yuan)锂(li)和铁锂(li)。三元(yuan)锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)通常有1000次循(xun)(xun)环,磷酸铁锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)超(chao)过2000次循(xun)(xun)环,而铅酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)常见是(shi)300-350次循(xun)(xun)环,因此锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)使用寿(shou)命(ming)是(shi)铅酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)3-6倍(bei)。
4、价格:锂(li)电池的价格大(da)约是锂(li)离子电池的3倍。然而,寿命分析表(biao)明,在相同的成本下,锂(li)电池的寿命更长(zhang)。
5、适用性:在(zai)安全方面(mian),锂(li)电池略逊于(yu)铅(qian)酸(suan)电池,但(dan)温度(du)适用性好,因此,锂(li)电池在(zai)使用中存在(zai)着火(huo)或爆炸的风险,需要采(cai)取各种安全措(cuo)施。锂(li)电池的兼(jian)容性低于(yu)铅(qian)酸(suan)电池。
6、环(huan)保(bao):铅酸(suan)电池污染(ran)严重,在(zai)(zai)生产过(guo)程(cheng)中或丢弃时都会对环(huan)境造成(cheng)破坏。因此,从(cong)环(huan)境保(bao)护(hu)的角(jiao)度(du)来(lai)看,有必(bi)要(yao)限制铅酸(suan)电池的再投资,或者(zhe)限制铅酸(suan)电池在(zai)(zai)某些地区的使用。
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在有(you)多个(ge)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)单元的聚合(he)物软包(bao)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong),平(ping)衡(heng)仅仅是使电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组中(zhong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)单元的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)均衡(heng)的过程。我(wo)们(men)为(wei)什(shen)么(me)要这(zhei)么(me)做(zuo)?如(ru)果电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡(heng)会(hui)发(fa)生什(shen)么(me)?例如(ru),在充电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的2S电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong),如(ru)果一个(ge)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)为(wei)4.1V,另一个(ge)为(wei)4.2V,则表示不(bu)(bu)平(ping)衡(heng)。简而(er)言之,聚合(he)物软包(bao)锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的不(bu)(bu)
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