2022-04-28
锂(li)(li)电(dian)池由正极(ji)和(he)负极(ji)组成,由电(dian)解(jie)液(ye)隔开(kai)和(he)连(lian)接。电(dian)解(jie)质(zhi)可以导电(dian),但它(ta)是电(dian)子的(de)(de)绝缘体(ti)。在(zai)充电(dian)状态下(xia),阳(yang)极(ji)内含高浓度的(de)(de)锂(li)(li),阴(yin)极(ji)内含锂(li)(li)。在(zai)放(fang)电(dian)过(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),锂(li)(li)离子离开(kai)阳(yang)极(ji),通过(guo)电(dian)解(jie)液(ye)迁(qian)移到阴(yin)极(ji)。
锂电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)通常是固(gu)体材料(liao)。离(li)子类型可(ke)(ke)(ke)以通过其电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解质来区(qu)分,电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解质可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)是液体、凝胶或(huo)(huo)固(gu)体成分。凝胶和固(gu)态电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池中的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解质是结构元件(jian),不(bu)需要额(e)外(wai)的(de)保护板(ban),从而有(you)效地隔离(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji),避免(mian)短路。形(xing)(xing)状可(ke)(ke)(ke)以是圆柱形(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)棱(leng)柱形(xing)(xing)。对(dui)于高(gao)能(neng)量和高(gao)功率的(de)应用,如运输或(huo)(huo)固(gu)定存储(chu),许(xu)多电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池被(bei)封装(zhuang)在模块(kuai)中。
固(gu)体(ti)(ti)薄(bo)膜(mo)电(dian)池(chi)是一种特(te)殊类型的电(dian)池(chi)。薄(bo)膜(mo)电(dian)池(chi)仅由固(gu)体(ti)(ti)材料组(zu)成。电(dian)解质是固(gu)体(ti)(ti)离子玻璃或晶体(ti)(ti),其组(zu)分是通过气相沉(chen)(chen)积法(fa)沉(chen)(chen)积的。这种设计提供了高的能量密度、安(an)全性和滥用容忍度,但(dan)它只适用于特(te)殊应用的小型设备(bei),涉及昂贵的生产方(fang)法(fa)。
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锂(li)电池(chi)外壳焊(han)接(jie)(jie)工(gong)艺(yi)及要求(qiu)1、锂(li)电池(chi)外壳的封装连接(jie)(jie)一般(ban)采用超(chao)声波(bo)塑(su)料焊(han)接(jie)(jie)方法。2、焊(han)接(jie)(jie)原(yuan)理:利用超(chao)声波(bo)的高频振(zhen)荡使上下壳体之间产生(sheng)摩擦,局部(bu)温度升高产生(sheng)高热量,两个橡胶(jiao)部(bu)件之间会产生(sheng)材料“塑(su)性流(liu)动(dong)”,在压力下固化(hua),并形成(cheng)熔合(he)。3、选择(ze)合(he)适的超(chao)声波(bo)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)机
目(mu)前(qian),各种电储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)技术大体可分为以下3类(lei):物理储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(如抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)、压缩(suo)空气(qi)储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)、飞轮储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)等(deng)),电化(hua)学(xue)储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(如锂(li)离子电池、铅炭电池、钠硫电池、全(quan)钒液流(liu)电池等(deng))和(he)电磁储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(如超导(dao)电磁储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)、超级电容器(qi)等(deng))。今(jin)天简单介绍(shao)基(ji)于非物理储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)的电储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)技术。(1)电化(hua)学(xue)储(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)
动(dong)力电池(chi)(chi)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)镍(nie)氢电池(chi)(chi)、铅酸电池(chi)(chi)、镍(nie)镉(ge)电池(chi)(chi)、锂(li)电池(chi)(chi)这四(si)大类,下面看看各种电池(chi)(chi)的(de)特点(dian):1、铅酸电池(chi)(chi)由于(yu)自身(shen)的(de)性(xing)能逐渐退出(chu)市场,其具有(you)(you)铅污染;2、镍(nie)镉(ge)电池(chi)(chi)也(ye)有(you)(you)污染和严重的(de)记忆效益,并已基本(ben)退出(chu)市场;3、镍(nie)氢电池(chi)(chi)是(shi)镍(nie)镉(ge)电池(chi)(chi)的(de)改(gai)进,比能可达(da)60-80Wh/k
交运的锂(li)(li)电池满足以(yi)下(xia)条(tiao)件(jian)的,可(ke)以(yi)作为非限制货物(非危险品(pin))运输。不能满足下(xia)列条(tiao)件(jian)之(zhi)一的,按照UN3090或UN3091危险品(pin)运输要求。一、对(dui)锂(li)(li)含量(liang)限制1、锂(li)(li)金属(shu)(shu)或锂(li)(li)合金电池的锂(li)(li)含量(liang)不得超(chao)过1g,锂(li)(li)离(li)子原电池的额定瓦时不超(chao)过20Wh。2、对(dui)于锂(li)(li)金属(shu)(shu)或锂(li)(li)
隔(ge)膜(mo)是锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的重要组成部分,它支持锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)放电(dian)(dian)(dian)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)学过程。锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)主(zhu)要由负(fu)极、正(zheng)极、隔(ge)膜(mo)和(he)电(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液四(si)部分组成,其(qi)中隔(ge)膜(mo)是一种(zhong)微孔结构的薄膜(mo),是锂离(li)(li)子电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)产业链中技术壁垒大的关键内部部件,它在(zai)锂电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)中主(zhu)要有以(yi)下作用:1、将正(zheng)极和(he)负(fu)极分隔(ge)开(kai),
在锂聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)研究和开(kai)发中(zhong),用胶体聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)解质(zhi)代替液体电(dian)(dian)(dian)解质(zhi)是一个重要的(de)(de)发展(zhan)。它能(neng)显著提高液态锂离子(zi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)安全性能(neng),并易于加工(gong)成各种形状的(de)(de)薄(bo)膜,然后制成超(chao)薄(bo)、不同形状的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),以适应电(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)产(chan)品小型(xing)化、薄(bo)型(xing)化、轻量化的(de)(de)发展(zhan)。凝胶聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)电(dian)(dian)(dian)解质(zhi)是一种潜在的(de)(de)聚(ju)