2022-09-13
动(dong)力(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)主要有镍(nie)(nie)氢(qing)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)、铅酸电(dian)池(chi)(chi)、镍(nie)(nie)镉电(dian)池(chi)(chi)、锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)这四(si)大(da)类,下面看看各种(zhong)电(dian)池(chi)(chi)的特点:
1、铅(qian)酸电池(chi)由于自身的性能逐(zhu)渐退出市(shi)场,其具有铅(qian)污染(ran);
2、镍镉电池(chi)也有污染和严重的记忆效益,并(bing)已基本退出市场(chang);
3、镍氢电(dian)池(chi)是镍镉电(dian)池(chi)的改进(jin),比(bi)能(neng)可达60-80Wh/kg,并具有充(chong)电(dian)速度快、基(ji)本无记(ji)忆效应、无环境污染、安全性高的特点,目(mu)前作为(wei)汽车动力电(dian)池(chi)的生产技(ji)术已(yi)基(ji)本成熟。
4、目前,镍氢电(dian)池(chi)在动力电(dian)池(chi)行业中(zhong)占(zhan)主导地位,磷(lin)酸铁锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)处于(yu)工(gong)业发展(zhan)的早(zao)期(qi)阶(jie)段。
5、镍氢(NIMH)电(dian)池具有更好的电(dian)池性能(特别是(shi)安全性)和成熟的制造技(ji)术,目(mu)前(qian)在(zai)世界(jie)上常(chang)见(jian)的混合动力汽车(HEV)电(dian)池中(zhong)占主导地位。
6、镍氢(qing)电池目前占主(zhu)导(dao)地位,主(zhu)要原(yuan)因是现有(you)混(hun)合动(dong)力汽(qi)车的电池能量只(zhi)有(you)1 ~ 2kWh,纯电动(dong)汽(qi)车无法(fa)运行或纯电动(dong)汽(qi)车的电池续(xu)航不足3km。从长远来看,NIMH是不可用(yong)的插电式混(hun)合动(dong)力汽(qi)车、电动(dong)汽(qi)车。
7、与镍氢电池相比(bi),锂离子电池的优点主要(yao)体现在:
比能(neng)(neng)和能(neng)(neng)量密(mi)度高,约为(wei)镍氢电(dian)池的两倍(bei),可大大提高电(dian)动汽(qi)(qi)车(che)的续航(hang)能(neng)(neng)力,功率更高,自(zi)放电(dian)小(xiao),无记忆效应(ying),这些特点可以提高电(dian)动汽(qi)(qi)车(che)使(shi)用的便捷性;
原(yuan)材料成本低,技术改进空间大,成本降低空间大。
镍(nie)氢电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)技术(shu)成(cheng)熟,安全性好,是混(hun)合(he)动(dong)力汽(qi)车(HEV)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要选择,但(dan)难以满足较高(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)化程度的(de)(de)需(xu)求。锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是下一代(dai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)汽(qi)车电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)佳选择,预计在未来三年左右的(de)(de)时间里(li),锂(li)(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)将(jiang)取代(dai)金属氢化物镍(nie)成(cheng)为电(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)汽(qi)车电(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)流。
国内企业在镍(nie)氢动力电池市(shi)场的机(ji)会窗口很小。
上一页:锂离子电池的主要性能指标
下一页: 锂电池负极与电解质的反应
动(dong)力锂(li)离子电(dian)(dian)池(chi)全产业链(lian)技术突破(po),连续批(pi)次(ci)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)材料有效成分率显著提高(gao)。本课题结合(he)国家战(zhan)略(lve)“十二五”发展目标,针对中(zhong)国电(dian)(dian)动(dong)汽车行业、公共和私营部门在电(dian)(dian)动(dong)汽车试点(dian)推广过程中(zhong)存在的(de)共性问题,以磷酸铁(tie)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)为主要形式,以动(dong)力电(dian)(dian)池(chi)配套(tao)技术为核心,通(tong)过产业链(lian)资源
从(cong)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的发(fa)明到商(shang)业(ye)应用,锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的发(fa)明与商(shang)业(ye)使用要晚于干电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi),但时至今日,锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)应用基本占据了干电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)市(shi)场。锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和干电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)哪个好(hao)?干电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是非循(xun)环(huan)(huan)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi),而锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是循(xun)环(huan)(huan)可(ke)充电(dian)(dian)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。它可(ke)以随意使用。干电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)一般含(han)有汞、铅(qian)等(deng)重金属,因为是原电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi),用完会被(bei)扔掉,容易(yi)
作为近(jin)年来(lai)流行的(de)新能(neng)源电(dian)(dian)池(chi),磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)已经受到用户的(de)青睐(lai),比如(ru)磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)鼓包(bao)(bao)(bao)是(shi)否还能(neng)使(shi)用,如(ru)何修复鼓包(bao)(bao)(bao)或鼓包(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)原因是(shi)什么等。让我们全面了解(jie)一下磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)鼓包(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)问题。1、磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)鼓包(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)原因(1) 制(zhi)(zhi)造水平问题锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)鼓包(bao)(bao)(bao)可能(neng)是(shi)磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)组制(zhi)(zhi)
单个(ge)磷(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)(li)电(dian)池(chi)的(de)额(e)定电(dian)压平台为(wei)3.2V。显然,单个(ge)电(dian)池(chi)远(yuan)远(yuan)不能(neng)满足电(dian)动汽(qi)车对(dui)动力电(dian)池(chi)电(dian)压水(shui)平的(de)需求。另一方面(mian),目(mu)前生(sheng)产的(de)单体磷(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)(li)电(dian)池(chi)的(de)额(e)定容量(liang)有(you)限(xian),因此(ci),磷(lin)酸(suan)铁锂(li)(li)电(dian)池(chi)在使用过(guo)程中,常(chang)建议先并联再串联。然而,由于(yu)单体电(dian)池(chi)生(sheng)产过(guo)程中性能(neng)参数的(de)分散,
在(zai)激活电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)时,一(yi)定要(yao)区分清电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的正负(fu)极(ji)(ji),这里有两种方法。方法一(yi):电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)背面的标注(zhu)在(zai)手机电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的背面【垃圾(ji)桶】图标位置,有一(yi)个加号(hao)和减号(hao),+代(dai)表的电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的正极(ji)(ji),-代(dai)表的电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的负(fu)极(ji)(ji)。当(dang)通电(dian)(dian)激活电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)时,就是(shi)在(zai)正极(ji)(ji)加供(gong)电(dian)(dian),负(fu)极(ji)(ji)接(jie)地。方法二:用万用表区分在(zai)实(shi)际维修中
锂(li)(li)(li)电(dian)池(chi)一般包括正极、负极、电(dian)解(jie)液、隔(ge)膜、正极引线(xian)、负极引线(xian)、中(zhong)心(xin)端子、绝缘子、安全阀(fa)、密(mi)封圈、PTC(正温控端子)、CID(电(dian)流截止装置)、电(dian)池(chi)外(wai)壳和电(dian)极引线(xian)。目前比(bi)较(jiao)常用的(de)锂(li)(li)(li)电(dian)池(chi)材料(liao)有锂(li)(li)(li)钻酸(suan)、锂(li)(li)(li)镍酸(suan)和锂(li)(li)(li)锰酸(suan)。使用多的(de)材料(liao)是锂(li)(li)(li)钻酸(suan),循环性能(neng)好(hao),制造