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钛酸锂电(dian)池由正负(fu)极(ji)板(ban)(正极(ji)活性物(wu)质为三元(yuan)锂，负(fu)极(ji)钛酸锂)、隔膜、电(dian)解(jie)液、极(ji)耳、不锈钢(铝合金)外壳等组(zu)成(cheng)。正极(ji)和(he)负(fu)极(ji)是电(dian)化(hua)学反应、隔膜和(he)电(dian)解(jie)质的区(qu)域(yu)提(ti)供(gong)了Li的传输通(tong)道，极(ji)耳起到引(yin)导(dao)电(dian)流的作用。

当电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)时，Li+从三(san)元锂材(cai)料迁移到(dao)晶(jing)体表面，并从正极(ji)板材(cai)料中出来。在电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)场(chang)力的作用(yong)下，它进入电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液，穿过(guo)隔膜，然(ran)后(hou)通(tong)过(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液迁移到(dao)钛(tai)(tai)酸(suan)锂晶(jing)体表面，然(ran)后(hou)嵌入到(dao)钛(tai)(tai)酸(suan)锂尖晶(jing)石结构材(cai)料中。同时，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子流通(tong)过(guo)铝(lv)盒的正电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)，通(tong)过(guo)极(ji)耳、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)极(ji)柱、负(fu)载、负(fu)极(ji)、负(fu)极(ji)耳到(dao)负(fu)极(ji)的铝(lv)箔电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)极(ji)，再通(tong)过(guo)导(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)体流到(dao)钛(tai)(tai)酸(suan)锂的负(fu)极(ji)，使(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)达到(dao)平衡。

在电(dian)(dian)池放电(dian)(dian)过(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，Li从钛酸锂尖晶(jing)石(shi)结构材料中(zhong)被去除，进入电(dian)(dian)解液，通(tong)过(guo)(guo)隔膜(mo)，然后(hou)通(tong)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)解液迁移到(dao)三元(yuan)锂晶(jing)体(ti)(ti)表面(mian)，再重新嵌(qian)入三元(yuan)锂材料中(zhong)。同时，电(dian)(dian)子通(tong)过(guo)(guo)导电(dian)(dian)体(ti)(ti)流(liu)向(xiang)负(fu)极铝箔电(dian)(dian)极，再通(tong)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)极耳、电(dian)(dian)池负(fu)极、负(fu)载、正(zheng)极和正(zheng)极耳流(liu)向(xiang)电(dian)(dian)池正(zheng)极铝箔电(dian)(dian)极，再通(tong)过(guo)(guo)导电(dian)(dian)体(ti)(ti)流(liu)向(xiang)三元(yuan)锂正(zheng)极电(dian)(dian)极，使电(dian)(dian)荷(he)达到(dao)平衡。

可以看出，钛酸(suan)锂电池的基本原理是在充放电过程中(zhong)，相应的锂离子在正负电极之间来回镶嵌，完成(cheng)电池的充放电和负载(zai)供电。