2023-02-23
近(jin)年来新能源汽车的(de)兴起,导致了锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)技术的(de)快速(su)发(fa)展,不(bu)(bu)仅性能更好(hao),价(jia)格也更低。然而(er),许多家用(yong)(yong)汽车仍然使用(yong)(yong)重型铅(qian)(qian)酸电(dian)池(chi)。尽管铅(qian)(qian)酸电(dian)池(chi)不(bu)(bu)会延(yan)迟(chi)使用(yong)(yong),但(dan)仍落(luo)后(hou)于锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)。为什么(me)汽车不(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)锂(li)电(dian)池(chi)代替铅(qian)(qian)酸电(dian)池(chi)?
事实上,有(you)些(xie)汽(qi)车已经使用锂电池(chi)(chi)作为(wei)启动(dong)(dong)动(dong)(dong)力,但它们都是新能源汽(qi)车或混合(he)动(dong)(dong)力汽(qi)车。虽(sui)然燃油车也很有(you)用,但它们很少(shao)见。只有(you)少(shao)数超级跑车选择锂电池(chi)(chi)来减轻重(zhong)量。例如,上图中保(bao)时捷的(de)电池(chi)(chi)就是三星提供的(de)锂电池(chi)(chi)。
还有很(hen)长的路要走(zou)。我们(men)不(bu)谈论(lun)在驾(jia)驶蔬菜车时超车。为什么我们(men)不(bu)为普通家用(yong)汽车使(shi)用(yong)锂电池(chi)?我认为有很(hen)多(duo)原因(yin)。
个原因是成(cheng)本。至于(yu)我们刚才(cai)提到(dao)的跑车电(dian)池,据说成(cheng)本是车价的1%。如果这(zhei)辆车卖100万(wan)元,电池就(jiu)要花1万元。你可以买一(yi)辆二手货车。当然,跑车里的一(yi)切都很(hen)昂贵,没(mei)有任何(he)参考价值(zhi)。让我(wo)们(men)简单一(yi)点。一(yi)辆汽(qi)车的12伏(fu)70安(an)培小时铅酸(suan)电池的价格约为400元。那么,我(wo)用3.7V 3.5Ah 18650电池组装一(yi)(yi)个相同规格的锂电池需要多少钱?一(yi)(yi)个大品牌18650电(dian)池的价格是15元(yuan),一(yi)串4个,一串20个,这正好构成了一(yi)个12伏特(te)70安(an)培的锂电(dian)池。总共需要80节,价格为(wei)1200元(yuan)。这仍然只包括(kuo)电(dian)池的成(cheng)本,而(er)不包括(kuo)电(dian)线、电(dian)池管理板、外壳和劳动力的成(cheng)本。
第二个原因是与政策相(xiang)关的(de)内(nei)容。锂电(dian)(dian)池不如(ru)铅酸电(dian)(dian)池安全(quan)。挤(ji)压、刺(ci)穿和冲击可(ke)能(neng)导致(zhi)严(yan)重(zhong)短(duan)路(lu),这是非(fei)常(chang)危险(xian)的(de)。这样一来(lai),更(geng)换锂电(dian)(dian)池后汽车碰(peng)撞的(de)安全(quan)性(xing)就需要重(zhong)新考虑和设计。你必须确保锂电(dian)(dian)池不会(hui)在测试中失败。毕竟,制造商设计、生产和销售(shou)的(de)每一辆汽车都必须符合相(xiang)关法律法规的(de)要求(qiu)。不像我(wo)们(men)的(de)车主,我(wo)们(men)说我(wo)们(men)可(ke)以改变(bian)它,没(mei)人在乎(hu)。
第(di)三个原因是需(xu)求和(he)匹(pi)配(pei)。需(xu)求很(hen)简单,就是消费者有多喜欢这(zhei)一配(pei)置,比如ESP。如今(jin),许多(duo)消费(fei)者将(jiang)这视为必要的配(pei)置(zhi)。如果(guo)没有,他们可以直(zhi)接传递。但很少有人(ren)关注汽车使(shi)用什么样(yang)的电(dian)池。
另一个问题是匹配问题。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商开发了一种(zhong)新型号。如果(guo)(guo)您使用铅酸电池(chi),将有(you)许(xu)多行业主要(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商的产(chan)品供(gong)您选择。但如果(guo)(guo)你(ni)想使用锂电池(chi),那就有(you)点(dian)麻烦了,因(yin)(yin)为(wei)(wei)很少有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)这(zhei)(zhei)种(zhong)产(chan)品,即使有(you),也很可能从(cong)地(di)面开始,因(yin)(yin)为(wei)(wei)你(ni)不(bu)能从(cong)其他地(di)方(fang)购买(mai)。为(wei)(wei)什么很多制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商不(bu)这(zhei)(zhei)么做(zuo)?首先,需求太少。第二(er),汽车(che)(che)电池(chi)必(bi)须符合相关法律法规。所以,如果(guo)(guo)你(ni)想为(wei)(wei)汽车(che)(che)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)它,你(ni)必(bi)须满足(zu)各种(zhong)标准,并进行各种(zhong)测试和(he)认证(zheng),这(zhei)(zhei)将花费金钱。既(ji)然(ran)没有(you)人买(mai)它,而且必(bi)须设计(ji)和(he)打(da)开模具,而且还(hai)必(bi)须花钱进行认证(zheng),那么制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)商为(wei)(wei)什么要(yao)花费这(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)精力(li)呢?
因此,从整(zheng)个汽车(che)行业(ye)的(de)(de)发(fa)展现状来看,锂电(dian)(dian)池很难(nan)取代普通的(de)(de)铅酸(suan)电(dian)(dian)池。然而,锂电(dian)(dian)池并不(bu)遥远。现在,许多出售(shou)拆解(jie)的(de)(de)锂电(dian)(dian)池都是大品牌的(de)(de)动力电(dian)(dian)池。选择几家信誉良好的(de)(de)企业(ye)购(gou)买几块应(ying)急(ji)启动电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)仍然是很好的(de)(de)。
电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是一种电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)类(lei)型(xing),也被称为(wei)锂(li)离子(zi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)或锂(li)离子(zi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)组。它使(shi)用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)作为(wei)正(zheng)极(ji)材(cai)料,使(shi)用(yong)锂(li)金属氧化物作为(wei)负极(ji)材(cai)料,并且通(tong)常由多(duo)个电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)单元(yuan)组成。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)相比传统的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)类(lei)型(xing),具有更高的(de)能量(liang)密(mi)度和更长的(de)寿(shou)命(ming),因此(ci)在便携(xie)式电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)设备和电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动汽车等(deng)领域得到了广泛的(de)应用(yong)。电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)正(zheng)极(ji)通(tong)常由电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介质组成,负极(ji)则(ze)通(tong)常由锂(li)金属氧...
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不(bu)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)也能续(xu)航百(bai)年(nian)?太(tai)空(kong)中的(de)(de)核电(dian)(dian)(dian)池是何原理,为何不(bu)能民(min)用(yong)(yong)? 当我们还(hai)在天(tian)马(ma)行空(kong)想(xiang)着如果自己的(de)(de)手机可以尽情地(di)在网上冲(chong)浪,不(bu)用(yong)(yong)考虑充电(dian)(dian)(dian)这个问题的(de)(de)时(shi)候(hou),不(bu)用(yong)(yong)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)也能续(xu)航百(bai)年(nian)的(de)(de)核电(dian)(dian)(dian)池已经被(bei)科学家(jia)们发明(ming)了(le)出来,并且运(yun)用(yong)(yong)在航天(tian)领域。那么(me)这种核电(dian)(dian)(dian)池真的(de)(de)可以不(bu)用(yong)(yong)充电(dian)(dian)(dian)
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